How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is a condition only of children, but it can also affect adults. Finding a doctor and treating ADHD can improve the quality of life for a person.
Interviewing the person and their family members may be part of an evaluation for ADHD. The specialist might review old school records to see if symptoms started in childhood.
Symptoms
Everyone struggles with concentration and staying organized from time to time however, for those who suffers from ADHD the issues can be a hindrance with work, school and home life. To be considered to have the disorder, someone must have major symptoms in at least two of these areas and show that the symptoms significantly affect the daily functioning. The symptoms must also be present for at least six months.
A doctor will inquire of the patient about their symptoms, as well as regarding any medical issues or family history. They may also use rating systems to assess symptoms in adults and children. These questionnaires are based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). adult adhd diagnosis uk include questions about symptoms such as hyperactivity, inattention and an impulsive nature.
Adults might be asked to speak with their significant other or someone who knows them well. This isn't to question the honesty of the patient, but to gain more insight into the behavior of a person that cannot be obtained from a questionnaire. You can also inquire about their childhood behavior, and look at old school records to determine if the symptoms started prior to the age of 12.
Before determining a diagnosis the doctor will perform a physical exam and do lab tests to rule out other health conditions, such as thyroid issues or head injuries that can cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also look over the patient's medication list. Doctors will take into consideration the interaction between stimulants and certain medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other ailments. It is essential that adults talk to their primary health care providers when they suspect they be suffering from ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be considered to have ADHD symptoms must manifest in at least two places (such as home, school and at work) and cause impairment to functioning. The symptoms must be evident before the age of 12 and can't be caused by another disorder such as depression or anxiety.
A mental health professional or doctor will employ a variety of tools during the evaluation which include ADHD symptom checklists, standardized behavior rating scales and a thorough history. They might also talk to friends and family members to see how the person's symptoms have affected them. They may also inquire whether there are other physical or mental conditions that exhibit similar symptoms.
The evaluators will consider whether the symptoms are mild, moderate or severe. They will also examine the person's medical and family background to determine if there is any underlying causes for their issue, such as thyroid issues or head injuries.
In some cases, an evaluator may want to perform cognitive testing or ask the person to undergo an imaging test to rule out other causes for their symptoms, like learning disabilities, mood disorders, personality disorders and alcohol abuse. People with these disorders often show different symptoms from those with no issues. For instance, boys are more likely to show hyperactive symptoms and girls exhibit inattention symptoms.
Many people with ADHD are interested in taking part in a clinical study to try out new treatments. While this is a great method to aid in further research, it's important for participants to realize that the primary purpose of these studies is to acquire information from the scientific community and does not necessarily guarantee they will receive treatment. Visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials Fact Sheet for more details about clinical trials.
Treatment
If you suspect you have ADHD Find a doctor who is qualified to recognize the disorder. Contact your health insurance company to inquire if ADHD specialists are covered. You can also ask family doctors or other healthcare professionals for referrals. Also, word-of-mouth referrals are a good choice.
A doctor will inquire with the patient or their parents in the case of children - about the symptoms they experience. She may use standardized checklists or ADHD symptoms, and may also ask other people in the patient's life for information, such as their spouses and their families. Personal insights can provide more information than what can be learned from questionnaires.
Experts will also examine any old school records, and especially old reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is often dependent on the past of the individual. To be considered diagnosed the symptoms must have been present from childhood (technically, before the age 12).
Physical examinations are also often performed. It will look for any other medical problems that could be responsible for symptoms, like seizure disorders or thyroid problems. A neurological examination is often conducted by the expert to test motor control and coordination. Psychological tests to measure the level of intelligence and ability can be utilized. Additionally one could be asked to complete simple computer tasks to test attention and memory. This could assist an expert determine whether someone is hyperactive or inattentive. The expert will decide on a diagnosis and suggest treatment. Treatment plans typically comprise therapy and medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can teach adults and children healthy coping techniques and alter unhelpful thinking patterns. This therapy is usually performed by the primary care physician or a mental health professional who has a specialization in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people with ADHD improve by taking medication. However, this is not the only method of treating the condition. Children, teenagers and adults can also benefit from behavioral therapy, psychotherapy or a combination of both. These therapies assist them in dealing with their ADHD symptoms and learn how to manage these symptoms. Psychoeducation, or education about ADHD and how to manage it, can be included. They can also include teachers, family members and professionals.
It's crucial to locate a mental health professional or health professional who is experienced in treating ADHD. You can ask your friends who suffer from ADHD for suggestions or a mental health provider you've met. You can also do an internet search. It is important to find a doctor who is familiar with your insurance.
To diagnose ADHD to determine the cause, a health care provider will ask about your or your child's symptoms and problems caused by the condition. They will do a physical exam and check for other health problems that may cause similar symptoms. They will look over your or your child's medical history and family history, school records, and other reports.
The process of diagnosing ADHD in adults can be trickier because the symptoms Guidelines of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-V) are primarily designed to diagnose children. Your doctor will interview you or your child about their symptoms, and may ask others who spend a lot of time with them to complete questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. The drugs used to treat ADHD include stimulants, such as methylphenidate or lisdexamfetamine and nonstimulants such as atomoxetine and certain antidepressants. They work by boosting levels of brain chemicals, known as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people with ADHD also have comorbid disorders, like anxiety or depression. For this reason, treatment should include therapy that targets these issues. Some patients may benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy, which teaches abilities like time and task management, emotional self-regulation, and impulse control.
Therapists can also assist patients to manage their symptoms by changing their lifestyle. For instance an exercise routine that is regularly practiced can help reduce hyperactivity and improve concentration. A healthy diet is crucial as well. People with ADHD tend eat more fat and sugar and less fruit and vegetables. Making social and family relationships a priority can reduce stress and make individuals feel more in charge of their lives.
A diagnosis of ADHD can aid children and adults to understand their challenges. A child with ADHD may have trouble communicating their needs to teachers or friends. When a teacher is aware that this isn't a personal issue or because of a lack of time, they can offer adjustments.
A professional who conducts an ADHD assessment will ask questions specific to the person's age, interview teachers and family members and review medical records and check for comorbid conditions. For adults, records from schools could be helpful in determining if the ADHD symptoms began before adulthood.
The doctor will also look for any hearing or vision problems. They may also perform an analysis of blood to look for certain hormones as well as other health issues that may cause symptoms similar to ADHD.